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Healthy birth and child development are the prerequisite for improving the overall quality of the population. However, premature ovarian failure(POF) threatens the reproductive health of women. The incidence of this disease has been on the rise, and it tends to occur in the young. The causes are complex, involving genetics, autoimmune, infectious and iatrogenic factors, but most of the causes remain unclear. At the moment, hormone replacement therapy and assisted reproductive technology are the main clinical approaches. According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), kidney deficiency and blood stasis are one of the major causes of POF, and TCM with the effects of tonifying kidney and activating blood has a definite effect. Through clinical trials, TCM prescriptions for POF have excellent therapeutic effect as a result of multi-target regulation and slight toxicity. In particular, they have no obvious side effects. A large number of studies have shown that the kidney-tonifying and blood-activating TCM can regulate the neuroendocrine function of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, improve ovarian hemodynamics and microcirculation, reduce the apoptosis of granulosa cells, alleviate oxidative stress injury, and modulate immunologic balance. The mechanism is that it regulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), transforming growth factor(TGF)-β/Smads, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/antioxidant response element(ARE), and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling pathways. This article summarized the pathological mechanisms of tonifying kidney and activating blood TCM in the prevention and treatment of POF and explored the biological basis of its multi-pathway and multi-target characteristics in the treatment of this disease. As a result, this study is expected to serve as a reference for the treatment of POF with the tonifying kidney and activating blood therapy.
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Child , Humans , Female , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/drug therapy , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , NF-kappa B , KidneyABSTRACT
Objective:To master the epidemic trend of human brucellosis in Qinghai Province, so as to provide basis for scientific prevention and control of the disease.Methods:In 2019 and 2020, at the national and provincial brucellosis monitoring sites in Qinghai Province, a total of 18 counties (cities and districts, hereinafter referred to as counties), no less than 400 serum samples were sampled every year for brucellosis Rose-Bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) and serum tube agglutination test (SAT), which would be tested and judged according to the criteria of "Diagnosis for Brucellosis" (WS 269-2019).Results:In 2019, a total of 1 612 people were monitored in national brucellosis monitoring sites, 93 were RBPT positive, 54 were SAT positive, 54 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 3.35% (54/1 612). In 2020, 1 677 people were monitored in national brucellosis monitoring sites, 151 were RBPT positive, 80 were SAT positive, 80 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 4.77% (80/1 677). There were significant differences in RBPT positive rate, SAT positive rate and prevalence rate among national monitoring sites between the two years (χ 2 = 12.52, 4.24, 4.24, P < 0.05). In 2019, a total of 6 043 people were monitored in provincial brucellosis monitoring sites, 128 were RBPT positive, 91 were SAT positive, 87 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 1.44% (87/6 043). In 2020, 5 664 people were monitored, 108 were RBPT positive, 59 were SAT positive, 52 were diagnosed, and the prevalence rate was 0.92% (52/5 664). There was no significant difference in RBPT positive rate among provincial monitoring sites between the two years (χ 2 = 0.66, P = 0.416), and the differences in SAT positive rate and prevalence rate were statistically significant among provincial monitoring sites between the two years (χ 2 = 4.98, 14.57, P < 0.05). Conclusion:In 2019 and 2020, there are human brucellosis in national and provincial brucellosis monitoring sites in Qinghai Province.
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OBJECTIVE To establis h the method for the simultaneous determination of six iridoids （loganic acid ，loganin， sweroside，dipsanoside B ，dipsanoside A ，sylvestroside Ⅰ）and one triterpene saponin （asperosaponin Ⅵ）in Dipsacus asper . METHODS High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） method was adopted. The determination was performed on Symmetry® C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.1％ phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelengths were set at 212 nm（asperosaponin Ⅵ）and 237 nm（dipsanoside B ，dipsanoside A ， sweroside，loganic acid ，sylvestroside Ⅰ，loganin）. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃，and sample size was 20 μL. RESULTS The linear range of loganic acid ， loganin， sweroside， sylvestroside Ⅰ ， dipsanoside B ， dipsanoside A and asperosaponin Ⅵ were 399.24-931.56，50.30-150.90，48.24-168.84，27.00-70.20，12.93-38.80，40.64-121.92，42.08-147.28 µg/mL （all r＞0.999 0）. RSDs of precision ，reproducibility and stability tests （24 h）were all less than 2％. Average recoveries were 104.43％（RSD＝0.63％，n＝6），101.74％（RSD＝1.11％，n＝6），100.76％（RSD＝1.06％，n＝6），98.00％（RSD＝1.58％，n＝6）， 99.03％（RSD＝2.31％，n＝6），102.93％（RSD＝2.26％，n＝6），102.31％（RSD＝1.00％，n＝6），respectively，The contents were 142.5-280.6，5.5-49.0，28.0-112.9，7.2-35.8，4.4-16.9，17.2-79.3，0.8-54.5 mg/g，respectively. CONCLUSIONS Established method is accurate and reliable ，and can be used for the content determination of 7 components in D. asper .
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OBJECTIVE@#To establish the fixation model of anterior cervical transpedicular system (ACTPS) after subtotal resection of two segments of lower cervical spine(C3-C7) in order to provide a finite element modeling method for anterior cervical reconstruction.@*METHODS@#The CT data of the cervical segment (C1-T1) of a 30-year-old adult healthy male volunteer was collected. Used Mimics 10.0, Rapidform XOR3, HyperMesh 10.0, CATIA5V19 and ANSYS 14.0 to establish the three-dimensional nonlinear complete model of lower cervical spine(C3-C7) as the intact group. The number of units and nodes of the complete model were recorded. After the effectiveness of the complete model was verified, the C5 and C6 vertebral subtotal resection was performed, and the ACTPS model was established as the ACTPS group. The axial force of 75 N and moment couple of 1N·m was loaded on the upper surface of C3 in intact group and ACTPS group, the range of motion(ROM)and stress distribution in states of flexion extension, lateral flexion, rotation was compared between two groups.@*RESULTS@#There were 85 832 elements and 23 612 nodes in the complete model of lower cervical spine(C3-C7) which was established in this experiment. The stress distribution of ACTPS internal fixation model was relatively uniform. Comparing with the intact group, the overall range of motion in ACTPS group was decreased in flexion extension, lateral flexion and rotation directions, and the corresponding compensation of adjacent C3,4 segment was increased slightly.@*CONCLUSION@#The stress distribution of ACTPS fixation system is uniform, there is no stress concentration area at the joint of screw and titanium plate, and the fracture risk of internal fixation is low. It is suitable for stability reconstruction after anterior decompression of two or more cervical segments.
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Adult , Humans , Male , Biomechanical Phenomena , Bone Screws , Cervical Vertebrae/surgery , Finite Element Analysis , Range of Motion, Articular , Spinal FusionABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the echocardiographic characteristics of isolated brachiocephalic artery branches, and to analyze the reason of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Methods:Echocardiographic features of isolated subclavian artery and brachibrachial trunk confirmed by operation or CT angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were retrospectively analyzed in Hebei Children′s Hospital from May 2017 to July 2021. Related literatures of other rare types of isolated brachiocephalic artery branches retrieved in PubMed were reviewed, and the echocardiographic characteristics of such vascular malformations were summarized.Results:A total of 4 children with isolated brachiocephalic artery branches were included. Echocardiography correctly diagnosed isolated brachiocebrachial trunk in 1 case and missed or misdiagnosis in 3 cases, including isolated subclavian artery was missed in 1 case, isolated subclavian artery was misdiagnosed as aberrant subclavian artery in 1 case and patent ductus arteriosus in 1 case. A total of 105 cases of isolated brachiocephalic artery branches were reviewed, including isolated brachiocephalic artery in 31 cases (53.3%), isolated common carotid artery in 15 cases (29.5%), isolated common carotid artery in 15 cases (14.3%) and isolated internal carotid artery in 3 cases (2.9%). The characteristic of echocardiography was that the brachiocephalic branch of the aortic arch was disconnected from the aortic arch, often via the ductus arteriosus or directly connected to the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery.Conclusions:Isolated brachiocephalic artery branches have certain characteristic echocardiographic features and these kinds of vascular malformations are accompanied by different degrees of stealing blood phenomenon. Careful tracing of the origin of brachiocephalic artery branches and combined with cervical vascular ultrasound when necessary can improve the diagnosis rate of isolated brachiocephalic artery branch lesions.
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Objective:To understand the changes of serum interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6 in adult patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Qinghai Plateau, and to provide scientific basis for scientific prevention and treatment of plateau KBD.Methods:According to the "Diagnosis of Kashin-Beck Disease" (WS/T 207-2010), adult KBD patients and healthy people over 18 years old were selected as KBD group and control group, respectively, in KBD disease areas of Xinghai County and Guide County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Fasting cubital venous blood was collected from the people of two groups, and the levels of serum IL-2 and IL-6 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:A total of 193 people were surveyed, including 114 people in KBD group and 79 people in control group. There was no significant difference in age and sex ratio between the two groups ( t = 0.204, χ 2 = 2.547, P > 0.05). The serum IL-2 and IL-6 levels of the KBD group were (572.21 ± 172.92), (42.35 ± 15.86) pg/ml, respectively; compared with the control group [(511.28 ± 173.22), (51.96 ± 17.18) pg/ml], the differences were statistically significant ( t = 2.404, 3.999, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The serum IL-2 level is increased and IL-6 level is decreased in adult KBD patients in Qinghai Plateau, both of which may be involved in the inflammatory reaction of adult KBD.
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Objective:To detect serum Col2-3/4 C-terminal cleavage product of type Ⅱ collagen (C2C) and pyridinoline (PYD) among brucellosis patients at early period, and to provide a better understanding of the changes of bone and joint collagen metabolism in the early stage of brucellosis.Methods:From 2013 to 2016, 61 cases of brucellosis patients at early period (within 6 months) from brucellosisout patient of Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control were selected as case group, and 67 cases of healthy volunteers were selected as control group. Serum C2C and PYD levels in all samples were measured simultaneously with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:The median serum C2C of patients with early brucellosis was 83.45 ng/ml and that of the control group was 73.35 ng/ml. There was significant difference in serum C2C between the case group and the control group ( Z = 5.027, P < 0.05). The median serum PYD of patients with early brucellosis was 278.45 nmol/L and that of the control group was 212.75 nmol/L. There was significant difference in serum PYD between the case group and the control group ( Z = 6.967, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Serum C2C and PYD levels of brucellosis patients at early period are increased.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of celecoxib and anti-osteogenesis tablets on urinary biomarkers pyridinoline (PYD) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) in adult patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Qinghai Province, and to provide scientific basis for treatment of adult KBD.Methods:According to the "Diagnosis of Kaschin-Beck disease" (WS/T 207-2010), in July 2017, 120 cases of adult KBD that were selected from the KBD area in Qinghai Province were divided into non-drug treatment group ( n = 66) and drug treatment group ( n = 54), and 89 healthy adults were selected as control group. The drug treatment group was taken celecoxib and anti-osteogenesis tablets for 6 months. Morning urine samples were collected from the three groups. The contentss of PYD and DPD in urine were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the test results were corrected with creatinine (Cre). Results:There were no statistically significant differences in gender ratio and age among non-drug treatment group, drug treatment group and control group (χ 2 = 0.820, F = 0.379, P > 0.05). The medians of urinary PYD in the three groups were 1 106.39, 812.18, 702.53 ng/μmol Cre, and the medians of DPD were 1 325.58, 802.54, 752.38 ng/μmol Cre, respectively. The differences were statistically significant among the three groups ( H = 13.849, 34.621, P < 0.01). The contents of PYD and DPD in drug treatment group were lower than those in non-drug treatment group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Celecoxib and anti-osteogenesis tablets can reduce the urinary levels of PYD and DPD in adult patients with KBD.
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Objective:To investigate the changes of serum neopterin (NPT) level in adults patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Qinghai Province.Methods:In July 2018, according to the "Diagnosis of Kashin-Beck Disease" (WS/T 207-2010), in KBD endemic region of Xinghai and Guide counties in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province, adult KBD patients and healthy people over 20 years old were selected as KBD group and internal control group, respectively. At the same time, healthy people over 20 years old were selected as the external control group in non-KBD endemic region of Xunhua County with similar production scale and lifestyle. Fasting elbow vein blood samples of the 3 groups of people were collected, serum NPT levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:Totally 272 people were enrolled in the study, 104 cases (50 males and 54 females) in KBD group, aged (47.61 ± 12.72) years old; 95 cases (35 males and 60 females) in internal control group, aged (48.28 ± 14.87) years old; and 73 cases (35 males and 38 females) in external control group, aged (51.88 ± 13.93) years old. There were no significant differences in gender composition and age among the 3 groups (χ 2 = 3.135, F = 2.236, P > 0.05). The serum NPT levels of KBD, internal control, and external control groups were (504.35 ± 413.92), (417.34 ± 109.90) and (397.49 ± 118.07) ng/L, respectively, and the difference among the 3 groups was statistically significant ( F = 4.129, P < 0.05). Among them, the serum NPT level of KBD group was significantly higher than that of internal control group and external control group ( P < 0.05); there was no significant difference in the serum NPT level between internal control group and external control group ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:The serum NPT level of adult KBD patients in Qinghai Province is elevated.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare accuracy of anterior cervical pedicle screws between assist of rapid prototyping 3D guide plate and free-hand insertion, and evaluate the safety of two methods.@*METHODS@#Eight adult cervical cadaver specimens after formaldehyde immersion, including 4 males and 4 females, aged 32 to 65(40.3±5.6) years old. After X-ray examination to exclude bone damage and deformity, 4 of them (3D guide plate group) randomly selected were for CT scan to obtain DICOM format data, and the data was imported into Mimics software for model, designed the ideal entry point and nail path for anterior cervicaltranspedicular screw (ATPS). After obtaining the personalized guide plate of the nail channel, it was exported as STL data, and the individual guide plate was printed by rapid prototyping and 3D printing technology. In turn, with the assistance of 3D guide plates, one-to-one personalized ATPS screws were placed on the four lower cervical cadaver specimens. Another 4 (free-hand group) lower cervical cadaver specimens were implanted with ATPS screws using free-hand technique. All specimens were performed CT thin-layer scanning and three-dimensional reconstruction after operation. The Tomasino method was used to evaluate the safety of the screws on the CT cross-sectional and sagittal images, to determine whether there was a cortical puncture of the lower and inner edges of the pedicle. According to the CT rating results, gradeⅠandⅡwere safe, and grade Ⅲ- Ⅴ were dangerous.And the accuracy of screws was recorded and analyzed between two groups.@*RESULTS@#Two screws were inserted in each segment from C@*CONCLUSION@#The 3D printing rapid prototyping guide plate assisted insertion of the anterior cervical pedicle screw can significantly improve the accuracy and safety, and provide a theoretical basis for further clinical application.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Plates , Cervical Vertebrae/surgery , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pedicle Screws , Printing, Three-DimensionalABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the antidepressant mechanism of Yinxing Mihuan oral solution （YMO） by investigating its effect on depression model rats. Method:The depression rats were induced by isolation combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） and then randomly divided into model group， fluoxetine group （10 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>） and high-dose （618 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>） and low-dose （309 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>） YMO groups. A blank control group was also set up and ten rats were included in each group. Modeling lasted for 21 consecutive days， and rats were administered the 8th day after stimulation at a dose of 10 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup> for 14 days， except those in the blank control and model groups which were given distilled water. Afterward， the sucrose preference test， open field test， tail suspension test were carried out. The pathological changes of hippocampus in depression rats were observed after hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. The content of interleukin-1<italic>β </italic>（IL-1<italic>β</italic>）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α </italic>（TNF-<italic>α</italic>） in the hippocampus of rats in each group and the expression of NOD-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） and other proteins in its related activation signaling pathways were detected with multi-factor detection （Luminex） and Western blot. Result:After 14 days of continuous administration， compared with the blank control group， the model group witnessed significantly reduced sugar water consumption rate and the times of rearing and significantly prolonged cumulative time of immobility during tail suspension （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with the model group， the fluoxetine group and the high-dose YMO group saw increases in the times of rearing， times of crossing and sugar water consumption rate and a significant decrease in the cumulative time of immobility during tail suspension （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. The results of HE staining showed that the neurons in the hippocampus of rats in the high-dose YMO group were arranged in order and slightly loosened， without obvious microglia infiltration observed. The levels of IL-1<italic>β</italic>， IL-6 and TNF-<italic>α</italic> in the hippocampus of the model group increased significantly as compared with the blank control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）， and their content in the high-dose YMO group was significantly lowered in the comparison with the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Molecular biology experiments demonstrated that compared with the results of blank group， the expression of purinergic receptor P2X7 （P2RX7）， NLRP3， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein （ASC）， Caspase-1 and IL-1<italic>β</italic> remarkably increased in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Additionally， the expression of P2RX7， NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1 and IL-1<italic>β </italic>was significantly inhibited in the fluoxetine group and the high-dose YMO group compared with the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:YMO can improve the depression-like behaviors of rats induced by isolation combined with CUMS， and its mechanism of action is related to the regulation of the P2RX7/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of the deregulation of drug price control on drug price ，and to provide reference for policy formulation. METHODS ：The quarterly price data of 46 875 chemical and biological products （measured by fixed Laspeyres index ）were collected from 788 sample hospitals from the database of National Medical Economic Information Network during Jan. 2012 to Jun. 2017. Based on the interrupted time series model ，changes in the prices of overall situation of chemicals and biological products ，as well as the sub-group ，ie. low-cost drugs ，original and imitated drugs were analyzed after the government’s policies of canceling the price limit control and strengthening the price monitoring （including Notice on Printing and Distributing the Opinions on the Supply and Guarantee of Commonly Used Low-cost Drugs in 2014，Notice on Printing and Distributing the Opinions on Promoting the Reform of Drug Prices in 2015，etc.），returning to market competition ；the effects of canceling the price limit control on drug price were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：After government deregulation for maximum retail price limit of commonly used low-priced drugs ，the price of low-priced drugs increased substantially （β3＝1.11×10－2， P＝0.008）. After the total abolition of drug price control ，there was no significant change in the overall chemical and biological products（β3＝－1.85×10－3，P＝0.175）and sub-group （low-cost drugs ：β3＝1.10×10－3，P＝0.066；original drugs ：β3＝－7.20×10－4， P＝0.549；generic drugs ：β3＝6.78×10－4，P＝0.784）drug prices. Within two years after government deregulation policy in 2015， drug prices and the drug market had remained stable. It can be seen that it is feasible for canceling the government ’s pricing and opening the price control in the mature market so as to make the price formulation return to the market ，combined with the government strengthening the price monitoring.
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Objective:To establish a mouse model of diminished ovarian reserve （DOR） induced by tripterygium wilfordii polyglycosides （TWP）， and to explore the therapeutic effect of Dingkundan （DKD） on DOR， so as to provide scientific basis for its clinical application. Method:The 60 female Blab/c mice with regular estrous cycle were randomly divided into blank group， model group， low，medium and high-dose DKD group， DKD group and estradiol valerate group， with 10 mice in each group. Except the blank group， the other groups were given 40 mg·kg-1 TWP suspension. Meantime，low，medium and high-dose DKD group were given 1.64，3.28，6.56 g·kg-1 DKD suspension respectively， and estradiol valerate group was given 0.15 mg·kg-1 estradiol valerate suspension by gastric lavage once a day for 30 days. The general condition， body weight， estrous cycle and gonad index of mice were observed， serum follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH） and estradiol （E2） were determined by radioimmunoassay， ovarian morphology and follicle count were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining （HE） staining. Result:Compared with the blank group， most of the mice in model group had disordered estrous cycle， uterine and ovarian indexes decreased （P<0.05）， serum FSH increased （P<0.05）， LH was on an upward trajectory， E2 was on a downward trend， and the number of growth follicles and corpus luteum decreased and the number of atresia follicles increased（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， half of the mice in DKD group resumed regular estrous cycle， however， the estrous cycles of mice in estradiol valerate group were stagnated during estrous period. In medium-dose， high-dose DKD group and estradiol valerate group， the uterine and ovarian indexes of the mice were increased， the serum FSH value decreased （P<0.05） and serum LH was on a downward trend， high-dose DKD group and estradiol valerate group increased the levels of serum E2 （P<0.05）. In DKD group， the number of growth follicles and corpus luteum were increased and the number of atresia follicles were reduced （P<0.05）， with the best effect at medium dosage. And in estradiol valerate group， the number of primitive follicles， sinusoidal follicles and corpus luteum were increased （P<0.05）， but the number of atresia follicles had no difference to the model group. Conclusion:DKD can improve serum sex hormones， promote follicular development and reduce follicular atresia， which can play a therapeutic role in the treatment of DOR.
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Objective:To observe the anti-inflammatory effect and its mechanism of Euphorbiae Ebarcteolatae Radix bacteriostasis ointment in eczema mice induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Method:A total of 40 ICR adult mice were randomly divided into control group，model group，hydrocortisone Butyrate cream group (0.09g·kg-1) and Euphorbiae Ebarcteolatae Radix bacteriostasis ointment group (0.09 g·kg-1), with 10 mice in each group. Except for the normal group, other groups were given DNCB to induce the chronic eczema model. Twenty-four hours after DNCB stimulation, they were given the corresponding drugs through auricle and back, twice a day for 10 days. After drug intervention, efforts were made to measure the change of thickness and weight of the middle ear, assess the allergic effect, and calculate the spleen index of the mice. Optical microscope was used to observe the pathological changes in ear tissues of mice. And the levels of serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4) in mice were determined by multiplex immunoassay. Result:Compared with control group, the thickness and weight of right ears, score of allergic effect, spleen index and the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 in serum showed significant increases in model group (P<0.05，P<0.01). The histopathology injuries of ear were aggravated. Compared with model control group, Euphorbiae Ebarcteolatae Radix bacteriostasis ointment could reduce ear thickness and score of allergic effect, regulate the spleen index, decrease the inflammation factor in serum such as IL-2 and IL-4 (P<0.05，P<0.01), and improve ear histopathology injuries. Conclusion:Euphorbiae Ebarcteolatae Radix bacteriostasis ointment may have a good effect on eczema.
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Objective@#To assess the diagnostic values of 11C-methionine (MET) PET/CT semiquantitative parameters for detecting recurrence in patients who were diagnosed with suspicious recurrence by MRI after resection of supratentorial gliomas.@*Methods@#A total of 164 patients (107 males, 57 females, age 6-74 years; high-grade 94, low-grade 63, unclear 7) with supratentorial gliomas who underwent 11C-MET PET/CT between June 2015 and June 2017 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital were enrolled respectively. All patients were with suspicious recurrence after surgery showed by MRI and followed up for 6 months at least. The final diagnosis was determined with histopathological analysis or clinical follow-up. The maximum and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmax and SUVmean), tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) of SUVmax and SUVmean (TBRmax and TBRmean) were recorded and compared between patients with recurrence or without recurrence using independent-sample t test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to determine the threshold, and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of each parameter were calculated.@*Results@#According to the clinical diagnosis, there were 139 patients with recurrence and 25 without recurrence. SUVmax, SUVmean, TBRmax and TBRmean were significantly higher for patients with recurrence than those without recurrence (4.19±1.95 vs 2.59±1.18, 2.34±1.08 vs 1.46±0.72, 2.95±1.17 vs 1.83±0.79, 2.64±1.11 vs 1.59±0.71; t values: 5.126-6.183, all P<0.01), but there was no difference in the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for diagnosis of recurrence with the 4 parameters (z values: 0.265-1.674, all P>0.05), for which the optimal cut-off values were 3.05, 1.65, 1.96 and 1.79, respectively, and the corresponding sensitivities/specificities for the diagnosis of recurrence were 67.6%(94/139)/100%(25/25), 67.6%(94/139)/100%(25/25), 79.9%(111/139)/100%(25/25), 74.8%(104/139)/100%(25/25), respectively. Patients with (n=81) or without (n=13) recurrence had different semiquantitative parameters in high-grade glioma group (t values: 5.137-5.871, all P<0.01), and the AUC for TBRmean was greater than that for SUVmean (0.858 vs 0.802; z=1.982, P<0.05). Patients with (n=54) or without (n=9) recurrence in low-grade glioma group showed significant difference in the 4 parameters (t values: 2.730-7.009, all P<0.01), while the AUCs of the 4 parameters were not significantly different (z values: 0.444-1.407, all P>0.05). Among 37 patients with recurrence confirmed by pathology, there were no significant differences in the semiquantitative parameters between the high-grade and low-grade glioma groups and AUCs were not different either (t values: 1.387-1.937, z values: 0.106-1.752, all P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Semiquantitative parameters of 11C-MET PET/CT are equally accurate in the differentiation of recurrence from radiation injury in patients with gliomas, while TBRmean was superior than SUVmean in patients with the high-grade gliomas. Among the patients with recurrence confirmed by pathology, the value of the semiquantitative parameter is limited for the identification of high- and low- grade gliomas.
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Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a transmembrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) , a Ca2+ transducer in ER that activates the store-operated calcium channel.Through Orai1 protein, STIM1 adjusts the intracellular and extracellular calcium concentration.This way is called a store-operated Ca2+ entry.STIM1 plays a key role in phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells, proliferation of endothelial cells, myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis to regulate lots of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure and systemic hypertension.STIM1 is closely related to cardiovascular diseases through calcium signal.The research progress of STIM1 in cardiovascular diseases is mainly discussed in this article.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of a small molecular fraction (SMF) of Polygoni multiflori Radix Praeparata (PMRP) in a cyclophosphamide (CTX) induced anemia mouse model. Small molecular fraction of PMRP was prepared and identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS). In pharmacology, we examined the peripheral hemogram and thymus and spleen index. The content of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in serum was mensurated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); The level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and spleen tissue homogenate were detected, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) was assayed in spleen. The results show that SMF can significantly accelerate the recovery of peripheral hemogram, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and GM-CSF in serum and spleen. SMF also increases the number of spleen cells, improves bone marrow pathology. In conclusion, the SMF of PMRP promoted the recovery of hematopoietic function in a CTX-induced anemia mouse, which can support SMF to be used as an adjunct to chemotherapy to counteract its side effects.
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Near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods was used to distinguish Ganoderma lucidum samples collected from different origins, and a prediction model was established for rapid determine polysaccharides contents in these samples. The classification accuracy for training dataset was 96.87%, while for independent dataset was 93.33%; as for the prediction model, 5-fold cross-validation was used to optimize the parameters, and different signal processing methods were also optimized to improve the prediction ability of the model. The best square of correlation coefficients for training dataset was 0.965 4, and 0.851 6 for validation dataset; while the root-mean-square deviation values for training dataset and validation dataset were 0.018 5 and 0.023 6, respectively. These results showed that combining near infrared spectroscopy with suitable chemometrics approaches could accuracy distinguish different origins of G. lucidum samples; the established prediction model could precious predict polysaccharides contents, the proposed method can help determine the activity compounds and quality evaluation of G. lucidum.
Subject(s)
Fungal Polysaccharides , Geography , Least-Squares Analysis , Reishi , Chemistry , Spectroscopy, Near-InfraredABSTRACT
AIM:Peptide vaccines have been conceived as promising therapies for tumor-inflicted patients due to their easy production and capability of inducing specific immune response required for defending the tumor.During our previous research,4 HLA-A2-restricted peptides had been identified as immunogenic in vivo.In this study, we aimed to testify the in vivo immunogenicity of the 4 peptides.METHODS: BALB/c mice were vaccinated with HLA-A2 restricted peptides emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant(IFA)subcutaneously in combination with the epitope at the adjacent location.After the 3rd peptide vaccination for 10 d,the peptide-specific immune response was evaluated by ELISPOT and ELISA.The ability to induce T cell response was investigated by using cytotoxicity assay in vivo and the presence of pep-tide-specific CD8+T cells capable of recognizing the MHC-peptide was detected by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Among the 4 candidate HLA-A2 restricted peptides,the immune response elicited by P2004-1Y9V was superior to that of the other 3 peptides.The CTLs induced by P2004 and P2004-1Y9V lysed CAPAN-2 cells.P2004-1Y9V peptide-specific CTLs showed higher cytotoxicity against pancreatic tumor cell lines of CAPAN-2 than the native peptide-specific CTLs.Intracellu-lar cytokine staining assay indicated the presence of P 2004-1Y9V specific CD8 +T cells in the P2004-1Y9V vaccinated mice.CONCLUSION:P2004-1Y9V is the most immunogenic peptide in vivo, and can be explored as potential tumor peptide vaccine in the future clinical study.
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Objective To prepare a novel dual-modality imaging probe based on Cerasome nano-materials, and evaluate its in vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties. Methods ICG encapsu-lated Cerasome was modified with chelating agent DOTA for 111 In-labeling. Normal mice firstly were used for in vivo studies. Animals were sacrificed at different time points after tail vein administration, blood samples were taken and the organs of interest were captured to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties and in vivo biodistribution of 111 In-ICG-DPDCs. The subcutaneous Lewis lung carcinoma ( LLC ) tumor model in C57BL/6 mouse was established. The tumor-bearing mice were subjected to optical imaging in small animal IVIS and SPECT imaging in small animal nanoScanSPECT/CT system for tumor uptake of 111 In-ICG-DPDCs. Results The size of the nanoparticle probe was about 90 nm, and the 111 In-labeling was successfully per-formed with 99.93% radiochemical purity after purification. 111 In-ICG-DPDCs showed excellent in vitro sta-bility with 97.10% radiochemical purity at 48 h post-purification. In vivo blood clearance experiments showed that 111 In-ICG-DPDCs had a relative long blood circulation time with the fast and slow phase half-lives of 40 and 132.7 min. 111In-ICG-DPDCs accumulated mainly in the liver and spleen, with long retention time. NanoScanSPECT/CT imaging showed that LLC tumors were significantly visualized at 4 h post-injection, and the other major accumulated organs were the liver and spleen, which were consistent with the results of biodistribution. Optical imaging showed significant uptake of the nanoparticle probe in the tumor, confirming the SPECT imaging results. Conclusion The Cerasome based probe designed could be used for tumor SPECT and optical dual-modality imaging, and has potential for therapeutic use.